Oceanic 100
Oceanic 100
Check out this page if you are looking for Oceanic 100
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Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
It is a fact that the mighty Sun is the source of various natural phenomena that take place on Earth. It is solar energy that causes water to evaporate from various reservoirs of water on earth resulting in rain and snow fall. It is sunlight that induces life into lifeless bodies; the green life on earth is a lot to thank the Sun.
Solar energy is produced at the heart of the Sun where hydrogen atoms are fused into helium atoms due to the process of nuclear fusion. This process converts 700 million tons of hydrogen into 695 million tons of helium every second while the rest 5 million tons of hydrogen results in the emission of electromagnetic waves.
Oceans cover a little more than 70 per cent of the Earth's surface; this makes oceans the largest solar energy collector. Even if we use only ten per cent of this energy to generate electricity it would yield more than twenty times the total electricity that the US needs in one day. If a mere 3 percent of the ocean thermal energy is converted into electrical energy, we would need less than 1 percent of this renewable energy resource to meet all our energy requirements.
The ocean gets heated by the solar radiations at all latitudes. The ice free portions of oceans receive additional radiation. Some of this heat is reflected back to the atmosphere, while some is retained. The temperature ranges between 20C to 300C.Oceans water which encircles land may have higher temperatures but in the open sea the temperature barely crosses 300C mark. Here the ocean's currents distribute the heat and tend to equalize the temperature.
Ocean thermal energy conversion, or OTEC, generates electricity by employing the temperature differences which exist at different oceanic depths. The open sea vertical temperature diversity can be simply comprehended as consisting of two layers divided by an interface. The upper layer is warmer and mixes to depths of about 100 meters by wave motion. The colder waters high latitudes form the bottom layers. The interface becomes noticeable by an abrupt change of temperature but usually it changes gradually.
This manifests that within oceans there are two huge reservoirs providing the heat source and the heat sink, an essential requirement of a heat engine. A heat engine converts heat energy into mechanical energy by exploiting the temperature differences between the two surfaces. When applied practically this results in the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy and this is what is known as Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC).
About the Author
Mr. Sami ur Rehman is an electrical engineering graduate of Pakistan's premier engineerng university: National University of Sciences and Technology. After his graduation he was hired to serve as Analog Desing Engineer in the field of RF Microelectronics. He aims to take up his Masters studies abroad this year.